Poverty And Poverty - 854 Words

Poverty is a problem that the world suffers from, in which case can cause an awareness. There’s people in a current area downtown who are going through poverty. Mark Gongloff states in â€Å" 45 Million Americans Still Stuck Below Poverty Line: Census† â€Å"More than 45 million people, or 14.5 percent of all Americans, lived below the poverty†¦..But the level of poverty is still higher than 12.3 percent in 2006† (2014). There’s so many people, such as children suffer from poverty. Haiti suffers 37% more in poverty than most of countries. Fighting poverty are present in the U.S and other countries, there’s a organization known as â€Å"Feeding America† that is available in the U.S and there are others in different countries known as â€Å"Hope†. Poverty is†¦show more content†¦Their target is to feed the hungry nationwide and promote the cause of ending hunger. â€Å"HOPE International† started in the 1990s in Soviet Union in Ukraine, Jeff Gutt travel to Ukraine many times conveying goods; food, medical supplies, and clothes. Gutt was told that the shipments wasn’t helpful, but he then discovered the concept of microenterprise development. In 1997 â€Å"Hope† was establish, now the prominent goals is to break the cycle of poverty and with the help of faith. The two organization differentiate they’re goals in a particular matter. â€Å"HOPE† is willing to stop poverty in a way of giving all needs, and poverty is not just struggle of hunger. While â€Å"F eeding America† is more focused on serving food to end hunger. Ending chronic hunger and stability of shelter requires action that include a great deal of change. One idea is to end only hunger, ending hunger does not stop or end poverty. The serve of food does benefit, but there also needs to be a focus on other needs. Solutions to ending poverty needs to be kept sustainable, meaning economically and socially, allowing the rate of poverty to stay at certain level. Also the focus is to call out to society. Allowing them to come and volunteer. Calling out for help is now a goal making others help and participate in the cause. To take part in these organizations there can be simple tasks, attending to events and serve time to the community. â€Å"HOPE† is willing for peopleShow MoreRelatedPoverty Of Poverty And Poverty1134 Words   |  5 Pageseach day as a result of poverty (â€Å"Child Mortality Rate Drops†). On their website, The World Bank calculated that the amount of people living in extreme poverty was likely to fall below ten percent in 2015. Even though the poverty rate has decreased, there are still many people living in extreme poverty. One billion children in the world live in poverty and organizations like Compassion International are helping give them a new life (â€Å"Poverty Facts and Stats†). What is poverty? There are two specificRead MoreThe Poverty Of Poverty And Poverty1394 Words   |  6 Pagesare so many Americans living in poverty today, and the number of those living in poverty will probably only go up from here. What s even more disheartening is that a lot of the poverty stricken families include young children. America is considered one of the richest nations in the world, and that we are so much better off than other countries. While it may be true, I beg to ask the question of why are so many of our fellow brothers and sisters living in poverty? For those of us who are fortunateRead MorePoverty And Poverty : Poverty1662 Words   |  7 Pages Poverty for centuries has been a very severe issue that has troubled many nations while impeding economic developments and progress. Poverty stricken countries are majorly concentrated in the continents of Africa and Asia. Continents like the Americas and Europe have globally been recognized as been weal thier yet still many parts of these ostensible countries face massive cases of poverty. Most at times, countries with high populations owing to high birth rates face the most casesRead MorePoverty : Poverty And Poverty3135 Words   |  13 PagesPoverty Research Paper Noah Morrow Mrs.Zimmerly English 10 April/4/2015 The rich cause poverty because of the inequality and unfairness they bring. The country is put to blame for the governments and nations decisions. The people themselves can also be put at fault for poverty because of population but, some can not help it. This affects the poverty threshold, the people, and the number of people in poverty. Poverty can be solved with the help of organizations, the government or the president,Read MorePoverty And Poverty : Poverty1950 Words   |  8 PagesAlthough many see poverty as a choice, made by those who are lazy and prefer to do nothing but expect to reap the same benefits of people who work hard every day to provide for their families. In some cases this may be true but, poverty will wreak havoc on any and all of those who have the misfortune of crossing paths with it. Poverty is alive and well throughout the world, and it has an unyielding pulse here in the United States. It has been discovered that The poorest families in America areRead MorePoverty Of Poverty And Poverty861 Words   |  4 PagesI. Background, Statistics, Introduction Poverty traps are economic anomalies that continually reinforce poverty within a country’s, or multiple countries’, economies. There are many different types of poverty traps such as savings traps, â€Å"big push† models, nutritional traps, behavioral traps, geographic traps, etc. that all affect an economy in different ways. Not only can poverty be enforced through these traps, but also through the way an economy is run or the moralities of the government. AccordingRead MorePoverty Between Poverty And Poverty Essay2121 Words   |  9 PagesPoverty in America is severe. One third of our population lives under the poverty line. The poverty line being a family of three or more surviving on $36,000 or less. This transfers to 20.5 million people. Seven million of these people being women with children. 6.7% of our population has an income less than 9,000 for a family of three. These numbers are astounding and they are only on the rise. This means that more families are going without food. This means more children are starving and gettingRead MorePoverty, Situational Poverty And Chronic Poverty1515 Words   |  7 PagesPoverty varies in different social contexts through different cultures, generations, and history. People are born and raised in different parts of the world and by different people, meaning we all come from various cultures and most likely we all have different perspectives and we define poverty differently. By talking to people from the local community we came across that there are two major types of poverty, situational poverty and chronic poverty. Situational poverty is when one becomes poor becauseRead MoreThe Poverty Cycle Of Poverty1096 Words   |  5 Pagesof poverty? The Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) collects information on the social and economic status of families and their offspring every year. The National Center for Children in Poverty used a PSID study that found â€Å"that individuals who grow up in poor families are much more likely to be poor in early adulthood. Moreover, the chances of being poor in early adulthood increase sharply as the time spent living in poverty during childhood increases† (Wagmiller and Adelman). The poverty cycleRead MorePoverty Is A Problem Of Poverty1257 Words   |  6 PagesPoverty does not have one clear definition. It is a complicated, multi-faceted concept. It is a common social issue that has troubled nations for thousands of years. Poverty is the condition of having an insufficient amount of resources or income. Poverty has haunted the social life of Brazil for a number of years. With a booming economy, Brazil has managed to skip over poverty, for now. However, how long can they hold this issue off? The problem does not lie in their efforts but the way they have

Ernst And Young Ernst Young Llp Essay - 1457 Words

Ernst Young LLP was established in 1989 and was founded in England, Great Britain. Currently Ernst Young have an accounting empire worldwide, with extra offices in the Americas, Europe, Asia, etc. Ernst Young LLP is an accounting firm that is a part of the big four. The big four are seen as the most prestigious accounting firms in the world. Ernst Young provided various services other than audit and tax. The other services provided are assurance, auditing, machinery as well as protection risk, venture risk supervision, business support, merger as well as acquisition, actuarial, along with real estate optional services. It too offers worker advantage arrangement, as well as industrial services. Ernst Young worldwide Limited Company is a part of Ernst Young LLP, is an international professional provisions company and is based in London. It is the largest in terms of profit compared to the rest of the big four and the third largest professional firm in the world by income as well. This was for the year of 2014, nevertheless one can understand the economic scale of this accounting firm. . Ernst Young has the biggest international presence compared to the rest of the big four. As a result they set a global standard, due to their suppose reliability of their services. Each Ernst Young is organized as an element of one of the four districts. This is completely different from other specialized services systems which are more centrally supervised. The fourShow MoreRelatedIntellinex, Llc1630 Words   |  7 PagesExecutive Summary Intellinex LLC is an eLearning company that was recently spun off from its parent Ernest Young LLP. At its inception Intellinex claimed to be one of the largest eLearning providers. They have an aggressive strategy to take advantage of the consolidating eLearning market and become a one-stop provider of all eLearning services for their clients. Their focus is on creating customized training for clients and helping them to implement and maintain their on-line courses. ProductsRead MoreNetflix Is The Worlds Leading Internet Television Network1149 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to Ernst Young LLP (2015), Netflix â€Å"is the world’s leading Internet television network with over 57 million streaming members in nearly 50 countries (p. 1).† Since its launch in 2007, Netflix has expanded streaming services internationally into Canada, Latin America, and Europe (Ernst Young LLP, 2015). However, to continue its success, Netflix must evolve with its business strategy, evaluate the company’s outlook, minimize risk factors, and analyze the auditor’s report that will helpRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act793 Words   |  4 Pagesaccounting firm responsible for confirming the integrity of the organization’s financial reports, and creating a process to address complaints relating to and anti-fraud controls for â€Å"accounting, internal controls, and auditing† (Callahan, n.d. p. 7; Ernst Young LLP, 2014, p. 13 17; U.S. SEC, 2003, p. 1). In addition, the audit committee members must serve on the organization’s board of directors, not receive any funds from the organization in excess of board member compensation, and not have any affiliationRead MoreApple Research Paper1268 Words   |  6 PagesInc.,  2010). Once the iPad was released in April 2010 it sold 3 million devices in 80 days in the US (Apple Inc.,  2010) Apple current uses Ernst Young LLP as their audit firm. Ernst Young is a global leader in tax, advisory services, transactions, assurance, and strategic growth markets (Ernst Young,  n.d.). Before Ernst Young LLP Apples used KPMG LLP who is a worldwide presence in auditing, tax and advisory services (KPMG,  2010). Apple Inc. is listed on the Nasdaq stock exchange and thereRead MoreQuestions And Questions On Audit915 Words   |  4 Pagesthis case. Questions and Answers 1. What factors likely contributed to the oversights made by Ernst Young auditors during the 2004 AA Capital engagement? Identify measures that audit firms can implement to minimize the likelihood of such oversights on audit engagements. The fact that Oprins and McNeely were unfamiliar with the company likely contributed to the oversights that were made by the Ernst Young auditors. In the case, it states that McNeely asked the CFO for all documentation that pertainedRead MoreAicpa Code Of Professional Conduct1589 Words   |  7 Pagesguilty. The firm had recognized their responsibility for the scheme and agreed to pay the $50 million. This case is against the art of accounting and the responsibility as professionals. The firm wasn’t ethical in decision making. Arthur Andersen LLP is one of the â€Å"Big Five’ accounting firms. The firm was accused of shredding documents and getting rid of e-mail messages that pertained to their audit of Enron. This occurred after finding out that the Securities and Exchange Commission had begun anRead MoreTim Hortons Will Encounter Accounting Problems1161 Words   |  5 Pageschanges in the framework for the preparation and presentation of financial statements were observed. Ernst and Young Terco (2010) continued to explain that before adopting IFRS standards, Brazilian companies had specific framework for their financial statements (p.6). When Brazil converted to IFRS standards the new framework clearly classified assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses (Ernst Young Terco, 2010, p.6). Similar to Canadian accounting standards, Brazil needs to comply with many accountingRead MoreTheu.s. Gaap And Ifrs1854 Words   |  8 Pagesto request reimbursement for over one year exists before the monetar y proclamations are issued, likewise infringement ought to be exhibited as present unless the loan specialist assertion came to preceding the accounting report date, ( © 2012 Ernst Young LLP. All Rights Reserved.) 4.Balance sheet; GAAP requires the report of taxes for each jurisdiction and should be presented a net current asset or liability, as well as the net noncurrent asset in the case of loss or credit, carry forwards, basedRead MoreCase Study : Lehman Brothers Case1813 Words   |  8 Pagesstatements to be materially misstated. In the case of Lehman brothers, there were several factors that should have tipped off the auditors to the fact that Repo 105 transactions were purely accounting-motivated, hence violating GAAS provisions: Ernst Young was made aware of Lehman’s Repo 105 program and its impact, through classifying the transaction as â€Å"sales† under FAS 140, on the balance sheet Auditors ignored the dramatic spike in Repo 105 transactions at the end of each quarterly reporting periodRead MoreQuestions On Public Accounting Firms Essay841 Words   |  4 Pagesaccounting firms that offer audit, assurance, consulting, tax, actuarial, advisory, corporate and legal services to their large corporate clients. An example of international firms is the big four which consists of Ernst Young LLP, Deloitte LLP, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP and KPMG LLP. Each firm has its client specialties with over 100,000 professional CPAs as their employees each. 2-7 Evaluate the following quotation: â€Å"If a CPA firm completes a nonpublic company audit of Adam Company s financial

Service Sabotage Free Essays

The relationship between frontline service employees and customers has always been interesting research topic for service marketers as the customer-contact service employee is the service and organization in the customers’ eyes and consumer interpretations of employee performance will create their impression of the service brand (Zeithaml and Bitner, 2009).Most early work on service frontline employees is based on the assumption that interaction between service encounters and customers is harmonious and productive, where service provider tries its best to satisfy customer’s needs and expectations and where service failure is generally described as service performance that fails below a customer’s expectations for all kinds of reasons – the service may be unavailable when promised, it may be delivered late or too slowly, the outcome may be incorrect or poorly executed, or employees may be rude or uncaring (Zeithaml and Bitner, 2009).But there also exist ano ther reason for service failure – employees who can sabotage the service brand through their performance at the front line (Wallace and de Chernatony, 2009). We will write a custom essay sample on Service Sabotage or any similar topic only for you Order Now Contact employees who willingly perform badly and actively work against the brand. The misbehavior which deliberately causes a poor service experience for a customer is often called as â€Å"deviant†, and the employee is labeled as a â€Å"service saboteur† (Patterson and Baron, 2010).Ind (2004) describes the brand saboteur as any individual who works against the brand idea and Harris and Ogbonna (2002) view service sabotage as employees’ conscious actions that are designed to affect negatively customer service. Research works on sabotage topic estimate that up to 75 percent (Harper 1990), 85 percent (Harris and Ogbonna 2002), and even 96 percent (Slora 1991) of employees regularly behave in a way that can be described as either intentionally dysfunctional or deliberately deviant.This paper aims to describe different approaches, perspectives, and motives for service sabotage at the front line and offers various implications and suggestions to help managers to better manage service sabotage. SERVICE SABOTAGE Workplace sabotage is commonly de? ned as any unconventional practice used by employees to show their dissatisfaction. Findings uncovered in studies of employee sabotage and deviance in manufacturing companies provided by Ackroyd and Thompson (1999) markedly differ from the acts of service sabotage uncovered by Harris and Ogbonna (2002).The effects of sabotage are typically delayed in manufacturing firms while almost immediate in case of services. Manufacturing sabotage commonly targets the firm itself or coworkers in contrast to service sabotage where the target of service sabotage is customer. Manufacturing sabotage actions interrupt production and negatively affect the operation and performance of the organization. In services, sabotage has negative affect on employee-customer dynamics and disrupts service encounters.And finally, sabotage in a manufacturing setting is perceived more as hidden phenomenon that have commonly covert and private nature as opposed to service sabotage, where 64% of the cases described were public. RESEARCH APPROACH There are differences between the authors regarding their perspective/point of view when conducting research on service sabotage. Most of the research works related to employee sabotage and deviance focus on service performance, employee behaviour, and on the service encounter between a customer and an employee from the perspective of the consumer.On the other hand, Wallace and de Chernatony (2009) decided to approach the topic of the service performance and service sabotage from the managers’ and employees’ point of view, while Harris and Ogbonna (2002, 2006) limit their studies on service sabotage to employee views as the aim of their works is mainly to identify the motivations and consequences of the various types of employee misbehavior. MOTIVATION FOR SERVICE SABOTAGE There is significant debate in the literature regarding the motives for employee sabotage.Hartline and Ferrell (1996) state that main causes of negative employee behaviour are stress, frustration, and confusion inherent in the boundary-spanning service role. This perspective is sympathetic to the front line service employees as authors suggest that ambiguous roles frustrate employees and this impacts on consumer satisfaction and consequently on the service brand. Employees may feel overworked, badly paid, and highly stressed (Hartline and Ferrell, 1996), which affects their behaviour.Harris and Ogbonna (2002) deny this perspective, and its assumption that employees are â€Å"malleable† and â€Å"submissive†. They also deny perspective that a saboteur is â€Å"deviant† as this may suggest that the individual is acting irrationally. Employees willingly misbehave and are fully intent in such actions (Harris and Ogbonna, 2006). Authors suggest that sabotage offers â€Å"equalisation† as it allows employees to react to difficult consumers or management demands (Harris and Ogbonna, 2006).Through a survey of low-wage frontline customer-contact employees Harris and Ogbonna (2006) showed that service workers’ c haracteristics are linked to their tendencies to sabotage service encounters, and service sabotage behaviors are associated with individual and group rewards, effects for customers, and other performance measures. Their findings further show that management control efforts and perceived labor market conditions are also linked with service sabotage and through employees’ motivation to comply sabotage increases team spirit.Their research works show high level of occurrence, frequency and diversity of sabotage behaviours, with over 85 percent of employees admitting to some form of sabotage. Wallace and de Chernatony (2009), based on their qualitative research on sabotage from the managers’ and employees’ point of view in retail banking suggest that sabotage arises from underperformance, rather than overt deviance, as suggested by Harris and Ogbonna (2002).Findings from Wallace and de Chernatony’s (2009) research lead to suggestion that there are three key issues that negatively affect employee performance and lead to sabotage: employee fear, overwork, and compliance. These issues influence job satisfaction, consumer resentment and employee security. They lead to brand sabotage, as they negatively impact on employees’ performance and on the communication of the service brand.Fear of logging complaints or offering service recovery is the first sabotage issue identified by Wallace and de Chernatony (2009). Employees’ failure to understand or comply with service requirements is perceived by mangers as a form of sabotage, even though the employee may not have a deviant motive for this behaviour, as service recovery is a critical component of service performance (Zeithaml and Bitner, 2009). Overworked employees trying to meet ? nancial metrics and consumer needs is the second issue suggested by authors.Overworked employees affect branch performance by creating problems and stress for other colleagues. Busy employees lead to dissatis? ed consumers (Wallace and de Chernatony, 2009). The third sabotage issue aroused by research is compliance. Front line employees view compliance as a detraction from expected service levels, which is reducing the efficiency of customer service, while managers view compliance in a positive way, as a component of service performance (Wallace and de Chernatony, 2009).Authors in their study further define role frustration, job dissatisfaction, informal cu lture and role ambiguity as negative components of employee behaviour, also called the drivers of sabotage. These are the states that negatively affect service employee attitudes and performance. Drivers lead to job stress, confusion, lack of clarity about the role and negativity. Affected employees negatively in? uence the consumer’s interpretation of the service brand, as negative behaviour con? icts with the service brand message (Wallace and de Chernatony, 2009).Wallace and de Chernatony’s (2009) ? ndings support Hartline and Ferrell’s (1996) perspective about employee sabotage and indicate that rather than retaliation or revenge (Harris and Ogbonna, 2002), it is frustration with excessive consumer expectations and an inability to serve consumer needs, which negatively in? uence employee behaviour (Wallace and de Chernatony, 2009). Lawrence and Robinson (2007) state that workplace deviance is a form of organizational resistance, caused by power and driven by provocations.Provocations come from disparities between a current state and some ideal state, need, or desi re, which creates frustration. Enactments of power can lead to a loss of autonomy and identity, and to perceptions of injustice, which together can provoke feelings of frustration, which in turn may motivate deviant behavior (Lawrence and Robinson, 2007). Authors suggest that organizational power has the potential to induce workplace deviance, while the nature of deviance as a form of resistance depends on the nature of the power that inducts it.Forms of power that are systemic (discipline or domination) will tend to incite deviance directed at the organization, whereas episodic power (influence or force) will tend to provoke deviance targeted at individual organizational members (Lawrence and Robinson, 2007). Deviant actions may be functional to those engaging in them because they serve to maintain and protect their needs for autonomy and sense of self-respect and fairness (Lawrence and Robinson, 2007).Lawrence and Robinson’s (2007) findings support Hartline and Ferrell’s perspective about employee sabotage, which state that one of the main causes of negative employee behaviour is frustration, and at the same time they support Harris amp; Ogbonna’s (2006) suggestion that service sabotage may represent the form o f resistance and equalization in labor-management relations, as Lawrence and Robinson’s (2007) findings also shows that traditional forms of resistance do not produce the outcomes that many employees desire and service sabotage may be employee’s covert form of equalization against the actions of manipulative management.Patterson and Baron’s (2010) research work on deviant behaviour of frontline employees in retail store offers different perspective on service sabotage phenomenon. It concentrates more on customers with their perceptions and notions, as they represents active part of encounter and directly influences service quality. Patterson and Baron (2010) suggest that customers often have negative preconceived ideas about the true motivations of employees. The results of their study surprisingly show that an overwhelming majority of customers ? d employees to be guilty of misbehaviour whether they witness incidents to support this contention or not. Customers generally perceive retail employees to be bored, lazy, and unhelpful, to discriminate between customers according to appearance, and to â€Å"act† their role to bene? t themselves or their supervisors rather that improve customer service (Patterson and Baron, 2010). Study illuminates fact that most customers, especially the young ones, have very low opinions of retail customer-contact employees and they enter the stores with shared pre-conceptions of why the employees are behaving the way they do.They do not expect to be satis? ed or delighted by the service employees. Authors uncovered that, while customer-employee encounter might seem polite on the surface, many service encounters are characterised as adversarial, a kind of running battle, a covert power struggle between staff and cynic customers who believe that the actions of store employees are motivated by self-interest and sel? shness. Customers use cynicism extensively as a resource that reassures them that they are not overly dependent on the retail employee.Through cynicism, they maintain their perceived relative power in the exchanges (Patterson and Baron, 2010), while contact employees being willingly unhelpful to customers simply and very effectively restore the social balance of power, which is surely on the side of the customers, since the discourse of consumers sovereignty privileges the needs of consumers, while necessarily, at the same time, negates the needs of employees (Korczynski and Ott, 2004). Patterson and Baron’s (2010) study findings together with Korczynski and Ott’s (2004) context of the balance of power in the service encounter suggest some similarity with Harris and Ogbonna’s (2006) and Lawrence and Robinson’s (2007) suggestions that sabotage offers equalisation in employee – customer relations, as it allows employees to react to difficult consumers. But tendency to be unhelpful does not necessarily have to be a deliberately conscious snub. It might be just a natural product of an employee’s human propensity to avoid physical labour; at least this is how the customer sees it (Patterson and Baron, 2010).IMPLICATIONS Based on various findings, coming from different studies on service sabotage and deviant behaviour, shown in previous section, the following part offers some of the recommendations, which should help managers to reduce employee sabotage at workplace. Harris and Ogbonna’s (2006) finding that individual chara cteristics are linked to service sabotage underpins the importance of frontline staff qualities and therefore, an implication of their study is need of consideration of these factors during recruitment, induction, training and probational period by human resource managers.Authors suggest that managers should critically evaluate the qualities of job applicants when recruiting employees into positions where service sabotage is possible in order to minimise the possibility of service sabotage incidents. Efforts to identify potential service saboteurs and measures to control their behavior should be implemented by company management. Use of cultural control efforts can also affectively change employees’ set of mind and help controlling the actions of service personnel when direct controls are ineffective, not in place or can not be used.Harris and Ogbonna (2006) further advice managers to use well-developed mechanisms and programs that are designed directly or indirectly to control the actions of frontline employees, including organizational culture interventions, psychological profiling and selective recruitment, electronic surveillance and a range of bureaucratic control mechanisms. Authors advise managers to develop strategies and tactics designed to enhance employees’ sense of self-worth (programs of employee empowerment, job enrichment, group-based socialization and reward systems, job rotation, self-development, self-improvement).In order to deal with fear, overwork, and compliance – issues that negatively affect employee performance and lead to service sabotage, Wallace and de Chernat ony (2009) recommend managers to ensure that employees are encouraged to own complaints and their fear caused by unrealistic metrics or perceived consumer retaliation is limited. There should be structures provided to support employees with large workloads, to ensure that they do not pass stress to their colleagues and employees should be evaluated on both ? nancial performance and customer service metrics.Procedures should be developed in a manner which best facilitates customer service and employee adaptability (Wallace and de Chernatony, 2009). Authors suggest that this could be achieved by management example, and through best practice training, which should include advice in dealing with customer retaliation and case studies of employee experiences. A frontline employee training is also strongly recommended by Patterson and Baron (2010). They suggest that it should be orientated on customer trust development, reduction of customer cynicism and support of employees’ constructive creativity.According to the authors, employee training should not be provided through functional scripts and handy customer service tips, as customers are inclined to be cynical in the ? rst place and the employee adoption of an organizationally devised script when dealing with customers reinforces their cynicism. This can eventually result in customers deliberately aiming to ruin the script and encourage service sabotage behaviours from severely bored employees (Patterson and Baron, 2010). Many authors and theories argue that organizations can and should increase managerial control to ensure employees act in company interests.Lawrence and Robinson (2007) in contrast state that attempts of managers to control and limit deviant workplace behavior m ay even increase such behavior, rather than reduce it. By conceptualizing deviance as a form of organizational resistance, we can move the study of deviance away from the notion that there are unique â€Å"deviant† organizational members (Lawrence and Robinson 2007) and so only by understanding the causes of deviance effective solutions can be identified. CONCLUSION This paper presents variety of opinions in the extant literature regarding the motives, drivers and issues of frontline service sabotage.Hartline and Ferrell (1996) suggested that the stresses inherent in the service role were responsible for creating bad. Harris and Ogbonna (2002, 2006) found that saboteurs were willfully misbehaving and sometimes acted out of desire for revenge. Wallace and de Chernatony (2009) proved that Hartline and Ferrell’s view is applicable to the banking sector and that the banking role is inherently stressful, and behaviour is affected as a consequence. Lawrence and Robinson (2007) argue that workplace deviance is often sparked by the systems of organizational power that lead to employee frustration and eviant behaviors. Their findings support Hartline and Ferrell’s statement that frustration can lead to negative employee behaviour, along with Harris and Ogbonna’s (2006) suggestion that service sabotage may represent equali zation in relations. Patterson and Baron (2010) found that frontline employees are trapped in an uneven power dynamic where markedly cynical customers hold the balance of power. Paper also presents implications of the ? ndings, to help managers dealing with workplace deviance and sabotage.Harris and Ogbonna (2002, 2006) recommend managers to use advanced recruitment techniques, improved monitoring measures, well-developed controlling mechanisms and strategies designed to enhance employees’ sense of self-worth, while Wallace and de Chernatony (2009) strongly suggest encouraging employees, providing employees support structures, improving employees’ evaluation metrics and using the best practice training when fighting the service sabotage. Patterson and Baron (2010) also argue that appropriate training in necessary for creating successful service encounters with cynical customers.Findings indicate that intentional sabotage is driven by range of factors (Harris and Ogbonna, 2006) and the service context in? uences behaviour. Extensive studies show that sabotage behaviour is very potential and ubiquitous phenomenon which requires constant attentio n and further research because deviant behaviour, when not confronted, becomes the norm (Patterson and Baron, 2010). How to cite Service Sabotage, Papers

Development Of Huck Finn Essay Example For Students

Development Of Huck Finn Essay Character is developed by experience. When a person is young, they are impressionable, and will often change their beliefs and values depending on the situation. I feel that this is because children have such a small amount of personal experience and knowledge. These two possessions cannot be taught and must be acquired first-hand. Knowledge allows people to make their own decisions and have some idea of what the outcome will be. Personal experience is, in not to abstract a way, the same thing. Experience, by definition, is the Active participation in events or activities, leading to the accumulation of knowledge or skill. Experience and knowledge define a person as an individual. Every sentient being draws from their experiences in the formation of their values and in their responses. Every person met, every conversation had, every day lived, shapes us. And just as how a small sum of money seems to be a fortune, someone without much experience will learn astounding amounts from every simple thing. Huckleberry Finn, when the story opens, has been stuck in the same town for most of his life. Up until the early to mid 1900 s, the average person never traveled more than 50 miles from their home. Huck s entire world consisted of little more than the town in which he lived and the surrounding wilderness. Through the efforts of his guardians, Widow Douglas and Miss Watson, Huckleberry receives a basic education and is taught the stories of the bible. Tom Sawyer also helps to broaden Huck s horizons a little with his stories of adventure. Despite the obvious lack of reality in the adventures Tom has read, when attempting to act them out with Huck, he opens their minds to thought about the rest of the world. Huckleberry Finn struck out on his own because he was restless. He was not satisfied with his options; either stay around with the widow and be sivilized, or stay with his father and be beaten. To become sivilized would require schooling, Huck would have to learn proper etiquette, the three R s, study the bible, and go to church. Early in the story, Huck declares his distaste for religion when he discovers that Moses was dead, so then I didn t care no more about him; because I don t take no stock in dead people. (pg. 4). Also, when he was staying with the widow, Huck often complained of being lonely. When Huck was taken by his father to the log cabin, in some ways he was happier. The absence of forced study, tablecloths, starched clothes, and manners comforted the country boy. He enjoyed the hunting and fishing, Huck enjoyed the freedom of the outdoors. Despite the fact that his drunken father probably didn t make for very good conversation, and the fact that Huck was locked in the cabin alone for sometimes days at a time, there is less mention of him feeling lonely. But the thing that finally drove Huck off was the murder attempt by his hallucinating father. By setting out on his own, Huck has made a large decision that he knows will determine the outcome of rest of his life. To him going back to the widow is not an option because he was so miserable, and going back to his father is also not an option because he fears the beating he will receive. Feeling as if he will not miss the town or its inhabitants and thinking that his father will soon have his riches, Huck tells himself he has nothing to loose and sets out. Strangely, despite the fact that they were living under the same roof, Huckleberry and Jim don t seem as if they were all that close to each other prior to starting on their journey. .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae , .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae .postImageUrl , .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae , .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae:hover , .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae:visited , .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae:active { border:0!important; } .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae:active , .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1d58a2740d47f65b35ec431b07d9c6ae:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Identify Marks and Spencers market position and de EssayHuck s attitude towards Jim is not very surprising when you consider the time period and the way he was raised. To young Finn, Jim is simply a nigger and no more. In Huck s narrative, he belittles Jim and it can be inferred that he sees Jim as his subordinate. To Huck, Jim s ignorance in certain matters is simply accounted for be his color. Huck says I see it warn t no use wasting words – you can t learn a nigger to argue. (pg. 68), with this he implies that black people were not intelligent enough to argue their points. Through out the novel, as the relationship between Huck and Jim develops, the way Huck feel s about Jim changes. Although it is not particularly shown in Huck s speech, his actions show a deep bond between the two. In chapter 16, even after Huck resolves to notify someone that Jim is a runaway slave, he still protects him. Finn goes even further to share the money he takes in with Jim. And by chapter 31, Huck is deeply hurt by the loss of Jim and resolves to rescue Jim even if it entails eternal damnation. Also evolving through out the plot is Huckleberry s kindness toward others. Whereas in the beginning of the novel, Huck had no problem with stealing and playing tricks on Jim. Even by chapter 16, Huck is hatching a plan to get the robbers aboard the steamboat caught. In chapter 26, disgusted by the complete lack of respect on the behalf of the Duke and the Dauphin, Huck resolves to reveal his companions deceit in order to save the true heirs from poverty. The Huck Finn we knew in the beginning of the book most likely would have demanded a share of the profit. And here the same character is, trying to help the Wilks daughters for no foreseeable gain. Huckleberry, when he was living back in the town, seemed to constantly be on the lookout for a way to make money. Whether it be by planning to rob travelers with Tom Sawyer, or selling the timber rafts when they came down, the dream of increased wealth danced in his head. Even when Huck finds the canoe, his first thought is of money the old man will be glad when he sees this – she s worth ten dollars (pg. 27). But as the story progresses, and the drifting duo retreat from society, Huck begins to think less and less of money, and seems to begin to value a clear conscience. This is definitively shown in his aiding the Wilks sisters. Where Huck felt such compassion towards them that he, to some level, risked his life to aid them. Through Jim, Huckleberry began to learn the value of friendships and life itself. Jim loved his family to great ends, he planned to buy his own freedom and eventually that of his wife and children so they could be together once again. Huck, it seems, never truly had a family, his father was always drunk and the widow was too restrained for him to relate too. In all his relationships with care-givers, the care given was unwanted. But aboard the raft, Jim shared his thoughts and wisdom openly, and in a way, the two drifting runaways had formed a family. Huck became more considerate as time went on. Learning from his errors, Huck resolved never to play tricks on Jim after he noticed the pain caused by his deception. Huck takes a large step when he says It was fifteen minutes before I could work myself up to go and humble myself to a nigger – but I done it, and I warn t ever sorry for it afterwards (pg. 74). In this moment, Huck learned that he had the power to hurt others and realized something that some people forget, that it s not right to tool with the emotions of those that care for you. Before this journey, I doubt that anyone had seriously depended on Huckleberry. Jim, without another soul in the world to trust, turned to Huck. .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283 , .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283 .postImageUrl , .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283 , .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283:hover , .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283:visited , .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283:active { border:0!important; } .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283:active , .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283 .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u14d927ddbb61fe1050e395937d5bc283:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Gun Control Commentary EssayThere were many situations where it was only by Huck s quick thinking and courage that Jim retained his freedom. Such as when Huck claimed that his family was sick with small pox on the boat (pg. 78), or when Huck attempts to rescue Jim from his captors in the last few chapters. However, the dependency was not only one way. Huck grew to love Jim and depended on him for support, and comfort. Mark Twain wrote: A book of mine where a sound heart and a deformed conscience come into collision and conscience suffers defeat. (www. twainquotes. com). All through the novel, Finn is constantly battling with his conscience over what is the right choice. He was troubled by his conscience when one side of him said to turn Jim in because it was the law, while the other side kept him bound to his promise and his friend. He was troubled when he had to decide whether to inform Mary Jane of his companions deception, or simply arrange for her to get the money back. Every conflict ended with the true and honest decision being made. Huck had sprouted an iron will and grown a just mind, these two would lead him through the novel and force him to do what s right. By the end of their journey, Huck had learned many lessons that some people never learn. The experience alone of being adrift along the Mississippi river must have been amazing, but the adventures add to the equation exponentially. Huckleberry Finn was no doubt a changed man after his pilgrimage. The trials that Huck had passed along the way had already formed a different being from the one we knew in the beginning. Huck had learned the importance of honesty and how it takes precedence over greed. He had learned what it feels like to be cared about and to care about someone else. He had discovered the emptiness of money and the value of friendship. But most importantly, Huck knew exactly how to spot a con-artist. Still restless, Huck entertains the notion of heading west to continue his adventures. Partially driven on by the same force that he once ran away from, Tom s aunt sally is trying to sivilize him. Huck concludes that he has nothing more to say, but he does announce that he has no more plans for writing any more books. And Finn goes so far as to say that if he knew how much trouble it was going to cause him, he wouldn t have written it in the first place. The story ends with Huck upholding morals far beyond his years and upholding values unknown to his time. One must keep in mind, Huck is only about 13.

The Leadership Secrets of Attila the Hun Review Essay Example

The Leadership Secrets of Attila the Hun Review Paper Essay on The Leadership Secrets of Attila the Hun Hilarious book, to be honest, even at a loss to define a segment, for which it is designed. Released it as a business book, but I just can not believe that serious people will read like this, and I can not imagine students taking the exam say on any Social political psychology  » We will write a custom essay sample on The Leadership Secrets of Attila the Hun Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Leadership Secrets of Attila the Hun Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Leadership Secrets of Attila the Hun Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer using as a basis leadership Secrets of Attila the Hun. But, in the meantime, the book is very, very funny. Not going to go in search of ideas on the subject of why all the same Huns, not the Romans, the Greeks, or at least the Nazis -obyasnyu all the same desire for originality. The Huns it is still so colorful so, it all starts with kratenko excursion into history itself as Attila became king of the Huns.. Next, go to advice and guidance of the great Attila the Hun, which the author addresses the American management, and that the American Management redirects us. As we broadcast Atilla? What philosophy has I enclose kratenko attilizmy:?  «Greatness Hun measured victims, which he is ready to go for the sake of the nation »  «Weak vozhd- surrounds himself weak Huns, strong vozhd- strong  »  « not wanting to hear the wise leader responsible simply asks the question  »  « in the hour-Huns trouble learning unlike the faster  »  «Abdication is not their gear. Addition polnomochiy- sign of weakness, and transmission-a sign of strength  » Now, a little more interesting:  « For Hun-state konflikta- natural  «Gunn starts enemies only deliberately. »  «deserve to be a good Hun than a bad leader. And while Attila the Hun slip sometimes very clever little thoughts, Im afraid to imagine that someone is controlling our state. looking at a book with tips from Attila the Hun. T.e.luchshe consider it as a entertaining reading, with kratenko historical digressions, flashes of humor

How Conservative Hollywood Became a Liberal Town

How Conservative Hollywood Became a Liberal Town While it may seem as though Hollywood has always been liberal, it hasn’t. Very few people today realize that at one point in the development of American cinema, conservatives ruled the movie-making industry. Santa Monica College Professor Larry Ceplair, co-author of The Inquisition in Hollywood, wrote that during the ‘20s and ‘30s, most studio heads were conservative Republicans who spent millions of dollars to block union and guild organizing. Likewise, the International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees, the Moving Picture Machine Operators, and the Screen Actors Guild were all headed by conservatives, as well. Scandals and Censorship In the early 1920s, a series of scandals rocked Hollywood. According to authors Kristin Thompson and David Bordwell, silent film star Mary Pickford divorced her first husband in 1921 so that she could marry the attractive Douglas Fairbanks. Later that year, Roscoe â€Å"Fatty† Arbuckle was accused (but later acquitted) of raping and murdering a young actress during a wild party. In 1922, after director William Desmond Taylor was found murdered, the public learned of his lurid love affairs with some of Hollywood’s best-known actresses. The final straw came in 1923, when Wallace Reid, a ruggedly handsome actor, died of a morphine overdose. In themselves, these incidents were a cause for sensation but taken together, studio bosses worried they would be accused of promoting immorality and self-indulgence. As it was, a number of protest groups had successfully lobbied Washington and the federal government was looking to impose censorship guidelines on the studios. Rather than losing control of their product and face the involvement of the government, the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of American (MPPDA) hired Warren Harding’s Republican postmaster general, Will Hays, to address the problem. The Hays Code In their book, Thompson and Bordwell say Hays appealed to the studios to remove objectionable content from their films and in 1927, he gave them a list of material to avoid, called the â€Å"Don’ts and Be Carefuls† list. It covered most sexual immorality and the depiction of criminal activity. Nevertheless, by the early 1930s, many of the items on Hays’ list were being ignored and with Democrats controlling Washington, it seemed more likely than ever that a censorship law would be implemented. In 1933, Hays pushed the film industry to adopt the Production Code, which explicitly forbids depictions of crime methodology, sexual perversion. Films that abide by the code received a seal of approval. Although the â€Å"Hays Code,† as it came to be known helped the industry avoid stiffer censorship at the national level, it began to erode in the late 40s and early ‘50s. The House Un-American Activities Committee Although it was not considered un-American to sympathize with the Soviets during the 1930s or during World War II, when they were American allies, it was considered un-American when the war was over. In 1947, Hollywood intellectuals who had been sympathetic to the communist cause during those early years found themselves being investigated by the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) and questioned about their â€Å"communist activities.† Ceplair points out that the conservative Motion Picture Alliance for the Preservation of American Ideals provided the committee with names of so-called subversives. Members of the alliance testified before the committee as friendly† witnesses. Other â€Å"friendlies,† such as Jack Warner of Warner Bros. and actors Gary Cooper, Ronald Reagan, and Robert Taylor either fingered others as â€Å"communists† or expressed concern over liberal content in their scripts. After a four-year suspension of the committee ended in 1952, former communists and Soviet sympathizers such as actors Sterling Hayden and Edward G. Robinson kept themselves out of trouble by naming others. Most of the people named were script-writers. Ten of them, who testified as â€Å"unfriendly† witnesses became known as the â€Å"Hollywood Ten† and were blacklisted – effectively ending their careers. Ceplair notes that following the hearings, guilds, and unions purged liberals, radicals, and leftists from their ranks, and over the next 10 years, the outrage slowly began to dissipate. Liberalism Seeps Into Hollywood Due in part to a backlash against abuses perpetrated by the House Un-American Activities Committee, and in part to a landmark Supreme Court ruling in 1952 declaring films to be a form of free speech, Hollywood began to slowly liberalize. By 1962, the Production Code was virtually toothless. The newly formed Motion Picture Association of America implemented a rating system, which still stands today. In 1969, following the release of  Easy Rider, directed by liberal-turned-conservative  Dennis Hopper, counter-culture films began to appear in significant numbers. By the mid-1970s, older directors were retiring, and a new generation of filmmakers was emerging. By the late 1970s, Hollywood was very openly and specifically liberal. After making his last film in 1965, Hollywood director John Ford saw the writing on the wall. â€Å"Hollywood now is run by Wall St. and Madison Ave., who demand ‘Sex and Violence,’† author Tag Gallagher quotes him as writing in his  book,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"This is against my conscience and religion.† Hollywood Today Things are not much different today. In a 1992 letter to the  New York Times, screenwriter and playwright  Jonathan R. Reynolds  lament  that â€Å"†¦ Hollywood today is as fascistic toward conservatives as the 1940s and 50s were  liberals †¦ And that goes for the movies and television shows produced.† It goes beyond Hollywood, too, Reynolds argues. Even the New York theater community is rampant with liberalism. â€Å"Any play that suggests that racism is a two-way street or that socialism is degrading simply wont be produced,† Reynolds writes. â€Å"I defy you to name any plays produced in the last 10 years that intelligently espouse conservative ideas. Make that 20 years.† The lesson Hollywood still has not learned, he says, is that repression of ideas, regardless of political persuasion, â€Å"should not be rampant in the arts.† The enemy is repression itself.

FInancial Eco and Asset Pricing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

FInancial Eco and Asset Pricing - Essay Example Transitivity of preferences suggests that consumer is able to make a choice between different alternatives and these choices are transitivite i.e. if choice A is preferred over choice B and B is preferred over C than A is preferred over C. The choices made by the investors therefore need to follow these axioms in order to make them rational. The assumptions of expected utility hypothesis suggest that out of different choices available to the individual investor, only those choices will be preferred which can offer the highest expected value. The use of the expected utility hypothesis is specially more meaningful under the uncertain risk environment because investors tend to chose those investments which offer the higher expected values. However, higher expected values are often associated with the higher risk also. Considering the above discussion, the different assumptions of the mean variance theory under the simple decision problem as well as on the market equilibrium model sugges t that that at the given mean values, lower variance is preferred whereas at the given variance levels, higher mean values are preferred. Thus the assumptions of mean variance theory and analysis suggest that in any case the investor will be concerned with the mean and variance of his portfolio over the given period of time. The overall shape of the opportunity set however, depends upon the covariance of different assets in the portfolio. Properties of the indifference curve under the mean variance analysis are based on the assumption that the returns are elliptically distributed. Based on this, the optimal portfolio is constructed when the asset returns are tangential to the capital market line. Portfolios with higher returns will be tangential on the upper part of the capital market line suggesting that the higher indifference curves will lie where the overall standard deviation of the portfolio is lower and mean returns are higher. It is also implied from this analysis that for a n individual investor, the optimal portfolio will lie on the CML in such a manner that his total wealth will be divided between the tangency portfolio and the risk free assets. The optimal portfolio however, is achieved where the slope i.e. the sharpe ratio is at the highest. In order to understand as to how the mean variance assumptions help to generate the market equilibrium, it is important to assume the homogeneity of the expectations held by all the investors. According to the two fund separation theorem, all the investors actually held the efficient portfolios and that the holding of risky securities is always done in the same proportion thus in order to generate the market equilibrium, it is important that the market portfolio is constructed by having the same portfolio weights. Under these assumptions the CAPM will therefore generate the market equilibrium in such a manner that the above equation provide the equilibrium relationship between the risk and return under the assu mptions made under mean variance analysis and CAPM. 2) A model is always considered as good if it attempt to provide answers to the different emerging problems and help to sort them out. However, every model is based on certain assumptions under which the different propositions of the model work and if these assumptions

Imagination is more important than knowledge. For knowledge is limited Essay

Imagination is more important than knowledge. For knowledge is limited to all we now know and understand, while imagination embraces the entire world, and all - Essay Example Knowledge is power and without knowledge we cannot progress as a human. Knowledge is what distinguished an ignorant person from a man of intelligence. The power of knowledge cannot be ignored in any society. On the other hand, imagination is the mother of all knowledge. Imagination is what enables us to form a mental of something that cannot be comprehended through the senses. It is what enables men to stumble upon great inventions and the ability to build a mental sense for great achievements. Imagination is more important than knowledge because without imagination, men cannot achieve new things. Imagination is what empowers us to dream of things that can be achieved which eventually lead to knowledge. â€Å"Knowledge is limited, whereas imagination embraces the entire world, stimulating progress, giving birth to evolution" (Einstein). Therefore, I completely agree with Einstein’s quote that imagination is more important than knowledge as imagination goes beyond limit wherea s, knowledge has its limitations. According to the Cambridge dictionary, knowledge is defined as â€Å"understanding of or information about a subject which a person gets by experience or study, and which is either in a persons mind or known by people generally† (Knowledge n.d.). Knowledge is gained through experiences, skills and personal abilities. The main sources of knowledge can be traced to instinct, reason and intuitions. In order to compete in a highly competitive world, knowledge is essential. Knowledge is what makes a man powerful and it also enables him to compete with others. Knowledge is man’s ability to develop concepts and materialize them into reality through manipulations and calculations. It also enables a person to make the right judgments which are pivotal for every human being. â€Å"Knowledge concerns itself with what is present to the senses, but is also a stored and shared repository of publicly acceptable thoughts, many frozen into physical

Online Vs. Classroom Instruction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Online Vs. Classroom Instruction - Essay Example Aspects of the text that the author discusses that are risky are looking at two different types of being a student. Online learning can be controversial because some people may think it is not the same as earning a real degree and think the classroom requires more hands-on work. She takes a stance against online learning and uses a source to stand behind her thoughts saying that online classes keep students away from interacting with both fellow students and their professors, making it harder to work on group projects and getting support from peers and instructors. While Morgan is making this comparison, it is hard to know where she is coming from. While it states at the bottom her author biography, it does tell that she has earned a degree. It makes me curious what her education was like. Does she really know what it is like to be in both types of classrooms? Has she ever taken an online class? If she has not, then that does not really give her any credibility behind her argument. People that have taken classes under both circumstances are the people that really can give their true opinion on which is more effective and it also depends on a person’s learning style. One of the risks she takes in writing this is that her credibility is really at stake. If someone were to dig in her background on this opinion piece, it might be discovered that she only took structured classes within a classroom. However, she might also have been a student that only earned her education from a university such as University of Phoenix which is strictly online. No one really knows who she is which makes it difficult to know how she developed her opinions. There are many factors that could determine if online education or traditional structured classroom education is best and these are some topics that the author did not necessarily address. She might be a person who is middle-aged and never had the option to take an online class. This

The Death of Alan Turing

The Death of Alan Turing Alan was left with no choice but to subject himself to doses of the female hormone Estrogen in order to check his libido by rendering him impotent. This form of treatment involving chemical castration led to a gynaecomastia or a growth of breasts! He was on probation for a period of one year, with a result that his movements were tracked. Alan was automatically barred from entering the U.S. as he joined the ranks of those who had criminal records. In 1952 the British Government introduced the concept of Positive Vetting or the practice of investigating the character or ability of a person engaged in sensitive work involving state secrets. This had a direct implication in terms of withdrawal of Alans clearance for cryptographic assignments. The government believed in the theory that defined homosexuality as a perversity often characterized by an unstable emotional balance and a mind which can swerve towards indiscriminate perilous acts in moments of tribulation. This meant that homosexuals were easy targets for blackmailers interested in extracting ultra-secretive documents of the state. Alan went to Norway in mid-1952 lured by the prospect of men only dances and was enamoured by Kjell, an attractive Norwegian lad. This highlighted the fact that his spirit remained unbroken and he withstood the trial displaying the same resilience with which he nonchalantly faced the scornful attitude of his peers and tutors at Sherbone. Alan went to Greece for a short holiday in 1953 which raised suspicion and frayed the nerves of security officers. Kjell , his acquaintance from Norway came to visit him but it led to a crisis as they were not permitted to meet each other. It cannot rain forever. Alan continued with an in- depth research in the complex theory of morphogenesis. He now preferred working from home, where he set up a small laboratory with pans of chemical solutions growing weeds, formulating amino acids, studying different forms of marine life beginning with the mono-cellularRadiolariaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ The visitor was greeted with an overflowing stack of letters on the latest developments in the fields of logic which physically and metaphorically filled his world! Alan extended his study of mind and matter taking interest in the psychology of the mind. He visited a psycho-analyst Franz Greenbaum who was open to the idea of accepting his sexual instincts as a part of his personality. Alan sought to delve deeper into his own sub-conscious mind and went in for a dream analysis. Dreams they say are a window to the soul. Alan was surprised to note that though his current relationship with his mother was cordial, his childhood mysteriously reflected undercurrents of hostility probably due to a judgmental attitude on Alans failure to meet up with social courtesies. Alan made peace with his past that was marked by being raised with an absentee father who provided for the family but perhaps alienated the kids from himself due to a rigid mental framework.Though Alan falsely accused his brother for a lack of sympathy during his trial, he harbored no ill-feelings in his heart. He genuinely perceived his mother as an ally and a spirit of friendliness perva ded their relationship. Alans probation period ended in April 1953 and he rid himself of the hormonal implant in his thigh which he felt would be effective even after the treatment was completed. Alan enjoyed reading the novel Finistere which described the complexity of a homosexual relationship of a teenage student with his teacher. Homosexuality was a social taboo, a stigma which threatened the morality of society at large. The protagonist in the novel tragically committed suicide as he was pushed to brink by those who questioned the sanctity of his value-system. An escape into the Heaven of Freedom. On the evening of Tuesday 8th June Alan Turing was discovered dead with froth in his mouth, lying beside a half-eaten apple by his visibly devastated housekeeper. He had supposed to have expired an evening before. The coroner concluded that it was a deliberate act of self-annihilation in an impulsive moment as one can expect from people of his type who were believed to possess an unpredictably volatile mindset.The apple had probably been dipped in the deadly potassium cyanide that he often used for his experiments. This venomous potion was enough to guarantee a swift transition from the real to the abstract world.Alan Turing finally reconciled the equation between life and death by using free-will to put a deterministic end to his melancholy often solitary existence.Mrs.Turing true to her religious stance, vehemently denied the possibility that her son could end his life which was a gift from God in this cowardly manner. Alan perhaps displayed his sensitivity to his mothers emotions and did her a service by dramatizing his death to add an element of intrigue and ambiguity. The apple was not analyzed and so there was scope to give Alan the benefit of doubtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ His mothers contention was that his unkempt nails and a blatant disregard for cautious hygiene would have led to traces of the cyanide being embedded in them, and this was ingested when he ate an apple which was his daily routine before he retired for the day. The fact that he had theatre tickets purchased for the near future and had even booked the computer lab for the night of 8th June added to the mysterious circumstances of his death that baffled his friends and psychoanalyst alike. Alan Turings cheery disposition masked any thoughts of death that lurked behind his mind. The only factor that takes our chain of thoughts to that end is the fact that he made a new will on the 11th of February 1954 barely three months before his death. The trial was behind him and he faced it with stoic resilience having the courage to speak up and accept the bitter truth rather than resorting to the crutches of hypocrisy. Perhaps the burden of carrying secrets of the state and the sensitive nature of his work infringed upon his personal freedom and this dichotomy seemed too heavy to bear. The social stigma along with the fact that he could be arrested any time for events that made up his past and be turned into a scapegoat on account of social prejudice and condescension were enough to push him to the brink where death was a final escape from the tormenting reality of his life.Alan Turing was cremated on 12th June 1954, in the presence of his mother and brother. Turingsma or the charisma of Turing In June 2009, the British Prime Minister Gordon Brown , made a statement of apology for the tormenting trial to which Turing was subjected, when all his life this extra-ordinary human continued to seek the ordinary pleasures of life. An extraordinarily gifted genius who was denied the adulation and honor he so truly deserved got registered in public memory as a law-breaking criminal! The legacy of Alan Turing pervades our lives when we try to unravel the enigma surrounding the proliferation of life in the biological and the intellectual dimensions of revolutionary inventions. Alan Turing deserves credit for the existence of the innumerable interactive gadgets that lend an illusory effect to our lives, whether its through the online revolution where long distance communication is possible via Skype , or online shopping in a virtual market, online tutoring and even medical consultations that have collectively blurred the line between the abstract and the real. The enigmatic saga of Alan Turing leaves us with a sense of disillusionment and deep regret of this act of betrayal on the part of the Government machinery which rallied around his intelligence at the peak of war and shoved him into the depressive dreariness of criminality for no fault of his. The anomaly really lay not in the realms of the homosexual mind but in the conditional prejudices of society at large. The paradoxical act of self-annihilation from the genius who mastered the art of creation reflects the heavy price a law-abiding citizen paid in a hypocritical, distorted world. The loss is magn ified manifold if we ponder upon the collective loss to humanity on account of the premature end to a genius researcher of his stature. Alan Turing the legendary genius, inspires us to steadfastly persevere till the prize is won and lives on as the epitome of truthfulness and ingenuity in the minds of the future generation. The seeds which sprouted as tiny saplings in the fertile mind of Alan, have today blossomed into a grove and Alans vision of Thinking Machines which simulate the working of the human brain is a now a mundane reality.Computerization and bio-technological research in the area of genetics with special reference to artificial intelligence is indeed the most revolutionary legacy of the twenty-first century. The all encompassing nature of the application of computer-generated programmes and techniques, bring to the fore the eternal validity of Alans pursuits. The domain of Alans research is dynamic and even hundred years after his birth undoubtedly challenges and beckons intellectuals to unravel the boundlessly intriguing capabilities of the modern computer.

Death and Immortality in The Epic of Gilgamesh Essay -- The Epic of Gi

Death and Immortality in The Epic of Gilgamesh The search for immortality has been a major concern for many men and women all throughout history. True love and immortality in life would be a dream come true to many. To spend time with a special someone, the person one feels closest to, and never have to say good-bye would greatly appeal to most people. But when death steps into the picture, even with all the pain and devastation, one starts to re-evaluate themselves. In The Epic of Gilgamesh, Gilgamesh explores the possibility of immortality following the saddening death of his friend and brother, Enkidu. Gilgamesh, feeling the fear of his own mortality, sets out on a journey to search for a way to preserve himself. Although the journey that he endures is much larger than life, Gilgamesh comes to realize that he can never achieve immortality. Before the creation of Enkidu, Gilgamesh is a man without an equal match. He is an individual with overwhelming power, and it is because of this that makes Gilgamesh a very arrogant person. This arrogant side of him is accompanied by an extensive abuse of power, which leads to injustice and rage in the city of Uruk: â€Å"The young men of Uruk he harries without warrant†. This problem does not bother Gilgamesh; he lives to display to others his royal power. The first sign of change in Gilgamesh occurs after the birth of Enkidu. Gilgamesh’s mother, Ninsun, said to him, â€Å"Like a wife you’ll love him, caress and embrace him, he will be mighty, and often save you†. Gilgamesh has finally found his match, a friend who will serve as his life long companion. This new seal of friendship will cause a chang... ...nsciousness after death, or maybe a combination of both, which creates this fear. The fear felt is undoubtedly universal. However, the ways in which it is dealt with are varied and diverse. The concept of human mortality and how it is dealt with is dependent upon one’s society or culture. It is the society, which has the greatest impact on an individual’s beliefs. Hence, it is also possible for other cultures to influence the people of a different culture on such comprehensions. The irony of the story is that Gilgamesh, who wanted to enjoy immortality, actually achieves his dream. Thousands of years after his death, he and Enkidu live through the story of their adventures, which has been passed down through time. Gilgamesh and Enkidu will be kept in an immortal state for however long The Epic of Gilgamesh is told.

Delivering a Persuasive Speech

Delivering a Persuasive Speech Douglas A. Parker August 13, 2001 |  Amazon Products | |Subject(s):   Language Arts/Reading and Public Speaking |Links of Note | |[pic] | |Overview:  Ã‚   Students need to understand that how they say something and how they physically present |Persuasive Essay Topics  form| | | |themselves are just as important as what they say.By understanding the dynamics involved in effective |Curious Castle Classroom. | | | |persuasive speaking, students will improve their overall confidence in communicating. | | | | |Purpose:   The purpose of this lesson is to improve students’ oral persuasion techniques by understanding |Writing the Persuasive | | | |the appropriate speaking skills.The lesson is presented in second person, making it more meaningful as a |EssayCurious Castle | | | |resource for the students, and easier for the teacher to use as a handout. |Classroom | | | |Objectives:  Ã‚   Students will be able to: | | | | |1) Demonstrate the appropriate classroom public speaking and listening skills (e. . , body language, |[pic]   | | | |articulation, listening to be able to identify specific examples of the speaker's coordination of talking |[pic] | | | |and action) that would be necessary to influence or change someone's mind or way of thinking about a | | | | |topic. | | | |2) Define the elements of persuasion. | | | | |3) Recognize the elements of personal credibility. | | | | |4) Develop methods to analyze other students’ speeches. | | | | |5) Understand outlining main ideas. | | | |6) Create a persuasive speech. | | | | |Resources/Materials:  Teacher-prepared topics for persuasive speeches. | | | | |Assessments:  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Class will assess each speaker's performance in terms of voice and body coordination, | | | | |and in terms of persuasiveness.Each class can develop performance assessments such as rubrics to | | | | |facilitate this process. | | | | |Teacher's Anticipatory Set: | | | | |During class discussion, define and explain how people make decisions based on what they see and hear. | | | |Explain that sometimes we have to use skills to convince others about our positions. Have the students | | | | |recall and list their own experiences trying to convince their friends about something, and then ask them | | | | |to share these with the class. | | | |   | | | | |Activities and Procedures:   Delivering a Persuasive Speech   | | | | |   | | | | |The Procedure | | | | |Pick a proposition that not everyone would agree with such as: â€Å"nuclear power plants are superior energy | | | | |sources. †Ã‚   Write a 6 to 8 – minute speech in outline form to persuade the group. | | | | |The Lesson:  Your Voice and Body are Your Best Tools | | | | |You are a natural persuader! You have done it all your life.Every time you enter a conversation, you | | | | |engage in elementary persuasion techniques. It is true, that any time you make a statement of fact, you | | | | |are asserting its validity and assuming that your listener agrees. | | | | |This speech goes further than a normal conversational assertion: now you have to assume that not everyone | | | | |will agree with you from the start, and it is your job to make them see things your way.The goal of this | | | | |speech is to change someone's mind or way of thinking about a topic. This is not a speech to sell, as you | | | | |do not ask that the listener do anything except to agree with you or to begin to listen to your way of | | | | |thinking. Your message is, of course, very important in this speech, but your voice and body language are | | | | |even more important. Here you will see how your delivery can help. | | | |There are several important aspects of presentation to keep in mind: | | | | |1)  Body language  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ make sure that you have a proper posture. If your shoulders are sagging and your legs | | | | |are crossed, you will not appear as being sincere and peo ple just will not accept your message. | | | | |2)  Articulation  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ articulation means how your total vocal process works. There are several steps to this | | | | |entire process.First, you need air from the lungs, your vocal cords in your larynx must be working, your | | | | |mouth and tongue must be in sync, and you have to make sure that you have got some saliva in your mouth to | | | | |keep things oiled. You should be aware of your physical makeup to be able to understand how you speak. | | | | |3)  Pronunciation  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ pronounce each word. Avoid slang, except to make a point, and do not slur your words. | | | | |Avoid saying, â€Å"you know. | | | | |4)  Pitch  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ pitch refers to the highs and lows of your voice. Whatever you do, avoid a monotone! | | | | |5)  Speed  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ your speed, or pace, is an important variable to control. Between 140-160 words per minute is | | | | |the normal pace for a persuasive speech. Any faster and you may appe ar to be glib; any slower and you | | | | |sound like you are lecturing.If you are not sure about your speed, tape yourself for one minute and then | | | | |replay it and count the number of words you used in the minute! The human ear and brain can compile and | | | | |decode over 400 spoken words per minute, so if you are going too slow your listeners' minds are going to | | | | |start to wander as the brains finds other ways to keep themselves occupied. | | | | |6)  Pauses  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ the pause, or caesura, is a critical persuasive tool. When you want to emphasize a certain | | | | |word, just pause for one second before; this highlights the word.If you really want to punch it, pause | | | | |before and after the word! | | | | |7)  Volume  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ volume is another good tool for persuasive speech, but you should use it with caution. If you | | | | |scream all the way through your speech, people will become accustomed to it and it will lose its | | | | |effectiveness. On the other hand, a few well-timed shouts can liven up the old speech! Try to â€Å"project† | | | | |or throw your voice out over the entire group – speak to the last row. | | | |8)  Quality  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ quality of voice is gauged by the overall impact that your voice has on your listeners. | | | | |Quality of voice is the net caliber of your voice, its character and attributes. Try to keep your vocal | | | | |quality high; it is what separates your voice from everyone else's. | | | | |9)  Variance  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ variance of vocal elements is your most important consideration of all! One of the most | | | | |persuasive speakers in modern history was Winston Churchill.One of his most remarkable qualities was his | | | | |ability to vary the elements of his voice. He would start with a slow, laconic voice and then switch gears| | | | |to a more rapid pace. People were light-headed after listening to him! Even if you have no desire to run | | | | |for political office, you ca n still use the tools of variance. Change your pitch, volume, and speed at | | | | |least once every 30 seconds, if only for just one word. Never go more than one paragraph without a vocal | | | | |variance.This keeps your group locked into your speech, if for no other reason than it sounds | | | | |interesting! Let the words speak for themselves; reflect their nature through your voice. If you use the | | | | |word â€Å"strangle,† say it with a hint of menace in your voice. If you say the word â€Å"heave,† let the group | | | | |feel the onomatopoeic force behind it. If you say the word â€Å"bulldozer,† make it sound like a titan | | | | |earthmover, not like a baby with a shovel. | | | |The Strategy: Appear Rational | | | | |When you are trying to convince someone of something, you must first establish your credibility, or in | | | | |other words, you must sell yourself before you sell your message. If people feel that you are not being | | | | |reasonable or rational, you do not stand a chance. You must be committed to the ideals and goals of your | | | | |speech and what you are saying. Do not use words such as â€Å"maybe† or â€Å"might†- use positive words such as | | | | |†will† and â€Å"must.    | | | | |You are the authority figure in this speech, so you had better supply enough information to prove your | | | | |points so that you can seem knowledgeable, and you had better know your material cold. People can usually | | | | |spot someone who is trying to â€Å"wing† a speech. You should also appear to be truthful -even when you are | | | | |really stretching a point. If you do not appear to be earnest, even if your message is the 100% truth, | | | | |people will doubt your word and tune out your speech. | | | |Lastly, do not be afraid to show a little emotion – this is not a sterile or static speech. Your body and | | | | |voice must match the tone of your words. If your language i s strong, you must present a physical force to | | | | |go along with your delivery. | | | | |The Comments and Goals | | | | |Self-control? | | | | |You cannot sit back and let your words do all of the talking.You must use your total self to deliver your| | | | |message, and this means that you will have to expose a little of your personality to the group. Your group| | | | |will be supportive. | | | | |The Group Reaction | | | | |The group has two major criteria to consider after each member's speech. First, the delivery. Were the | | | | |speaker's body, words, and actions in synchronization and harmony? Did one support the other or was there | | | | |tension between the body and the voice?Secondly, were you persuaded? Why or why not? Discuss what makes| | | | |a persuasive speech work and how the intangibles effect a positive outcome. | | | | |More Information? | | | | |For more information and help with public speaking, contact:   | | | | |http://capital. net/~bps2/   | |

Oral Reading Expression

Oral Reading Expression Introduction Reading refers to the overall active, cognitive (acting on, reworking, and transforming input to trigger responses), and affective process of constructing meaning from written texts. The ultimate purpose is to derive specific meaning from the written texts. Reading is a learned behavior dependent on mastering a written code based on the alphabetic principle.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Oral Reading Expression specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Special education defines the type of learning process that entails individuals possessing special needs; such needs include hearing impairment, partial and or total blindness, feeblemindedness, and physical disabilities among others. Individuals with special needs face numerous challenges including difficulties in oral expressions in terms of reading. For effective communication to take place between different parties, there must be a mutual understandi ng, being brought about by fluent and easy way of expression of ones feelings, ideas, expectations among other issues, which is acceptable and affirmative among the communicating parties. Oral reading expression is one of the many ways used for communicating ideas, thoughts, and deriving meaning from written materials such as books, magazines, electronic formats (hypertexts) and other forms of written materials available (Braunger and Lewis, 2006). Problem cause of Oral reading Difficulty in oral reading has become a major problem that affects communication, most especially in special education. Both the elderly individuals and those with special needs are faced with this problem. With the elderly, the problem occurs due to loss of clear view and comprehension of written text due to vast age or eye infections. Some individuals are born totally blind, hence needing the use of Braille equipments for text comprehension, others may suffer from short or long sightedness, and this affects the way written text is interpreted. The entire community needs to be aware of the adverse effects that oral expression bears on individuals, and should advocate for appropriate measures to be adopted to ensure that individuals facing such challenges are catered for. This could be done by acquiring Braille reading equipments in schools, providing medical services that treat and protect the eye sight, and promoting overall understanding among individuals facing such challenges.  Braille enables the blind to read and comprehend written text, though it cannot be of much help if the content is in video or motion picture, if the contents are hypertext, this means that there will be extreme difficulty for the victim to easily comprehend. For the minority with eyesight sicknesses, appropriate medical services should be easily availed to such individuals, like provision of corrective eye lenses to correct both long and short sightedness, treatment of eye defects such as Trachoma, Catarac ts and so on. Application of medical services to the community will have an adverse overall effect of helping majority of the individuals facing infections to their eyesights through massive medical campaigns at subsidized and affordable costs held in health centers, churches, and schools.Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This will encourage most individuals to get treatment and advice from professionals. In addition, counseling services should be provided to special needs populations, specifically to parents of feebleminded individuals so that they can provide support to the victims while at home and in school. This will ensure the adaptability of a common reading language to be used between the parties, though such a method will not be as effective due to stigmatization, and inferiority complex resulting from the current situation (Danforth, 2009). Special educatio n It is a widely challenged field within the entire education system because of the special needs that arise, and the challenges facing individuals with special needs. Special education caters for individuals with physical and mental unfitness. Such individuals could either be blind (partial or total), physically handicapped, mentally retarded, and some might be faced with traumatic occurrences. Special education requires the availability of both resources in terms of materials, professional skills, and overall support from the community to ensure that those individuals who have special needs, have adequate, sufficient, and efficient access to all the services provided through special education. There should be a workable cooperation between the government, local authorities, and the community to ensure that the individuals’ demands are met in a cost effective manner. The government should ensure equal and equitable distribution of special education professionals within the e ntire region to access and provide quality services. Adequate funds should be allocated to the special education kitty to enable the acquiring of special equipments that meet the demands of special needs, and also their maintenance. Adequate and modern training should be provided to the professionals who handle individuals with special needs in terms of education, this will enable the integration of modern methods that will ensure that the individuals are able to comprehend oral reading and expression. Special needs individuals and parents should be encouraged to come out clear and participate in activities that help individuals to learn, access, and practice oral reading and expression. This will reduce the number of individuals facing such problems, at the same time increasing their ability to comprehend and adapt to the system of reading using any means available at their disposal (Winzer, 1993). In my own situation, the important issues should be to encourage individuals through mass media, churches, concerts, and other available forms advocating for the slogan that â€Å"disability is not inability†, and provide the required resources to the special education sectors. This will reduce stigmatization, and other forms of fear that usually embrace such individuals.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Oral Reading Expression specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion Oral reading is an interactive process by which expressions from written texts are interpreted to derive meaning, which helps individuals to express their notions and conscience. It is a behavior learned gradually with time. Special education defines and addresses the specificity of individuals who possess special needs that are unique within the entire population, and require professional extensive care to cater for such needs. Such people require consideration from both the professional and the government stakehold ers to enable their needs to be addressed effectively, including the problems of oral reading. References Braunger, J. Lewis, P. J. (2006). Building a knowledge base in reading. NY: International Reading Assoc. Web. Danforth, S. (2009). The incomplete child: an intellectual history of learning disabilities. Broadway: Peter Lang. Web Winzer, A. M. (1993). The history of special education: from isolation to integration. Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press. Web.

They Needed To Know Real Prayer Religion Essay Example

They Needed To Know Real Prayer Religion Essay Example They Needed To Know Real Prayer Religion Essay They Needed To Know Real Prayer Religion Essay Prayer That Works is the rubric for Derek Stringer s current series here on Word Alive. I m Jane Moxon and thanks for fall ining us for the following message in the series. Derek Yes thank you. Prayer is something we all do some people merely as a last resort when they ve tried everything else. For others of us we truly want to do it effectual and worthwhile. We read books about supplication, may be travel to seminars but still we struggle. And that s why we re look intoing out some supplications in our Bible so that we can larn through them. My hope is that as we go through these illustrations it will assist us to truly pray and see God at work. And thanks Jane for you help as we come to another sample supplication in Bible. Jane Well today s illustration comes from Ephesians 1:15 to 23. The rubric is Eye-Opening Prayer. Dr. Derek Stringer is the Teacher for Good News Broadcasting the production squad behind Word Alive and a batch of other programmes that you may hear on your wireless. Derek preaches in many different churches and conference call and see him if he is near where you live, we can give you inside informations of his agenda. How approximately coming to our Bible Teaching Conference. It starts on Friday eventide and concludes Sunday afternoon. If you ca nt do the whole week-end, come for the Saturday. Again, we can give you inside informations when you contact us. Derek Thankss once more for acquiring our programme started Jane. So our subject is all about Prayer. . . one of the most of import topics we could look at. It s besides a large guilt trap if we do nt near it the right manner. For illustration. . . I wonder if we would be happy if our supplications were published so that others could read them. That s a absorbing idea, is nt it? What if every supplication you prayed, word for word, somehow ended up in book signifier so that anyone, anyplace could read them? Would our supplications be deserving reading if they were published? And would they measure up for the pages of the Bible or would they be more fit for the rubbish bin? In this series we ve started to look at the published supplications of the Apostle Paul. It takes a certain sum of bravery to compose down your supplications, but these supplications deserve to be studied because they are unlike most of our supplications. They set a really high criterion, which if followed, would radically transform our ain supplications. And that s precisely what we re trusting for. When the adherents listened to Jesus pray they said, Teach us to pray. They knew the mechanics. They did nt cognize the quality praying that Jesus knew with His Father. They knew HOW to pray. They needed to cognize existent supplication. Our supplication is, Lord, teach us to pray. And assist us to larn from Paul. I m doing some premises as I begin this programme: One is that most people pray. Another is that most of us feel unequal in supplication. And one more is that most of us would wish some practical aid in supplication. That s what this talk is all approximately. As we study the supplications of the Apostle Paul, we are traveling to detect new forms of supplication that will assist us speak to God more efficaciously. If we want the Lord to learn us to pray, this is a good topographic point to get down. After all, supplication is the thermometer of the psyche. If you want to cognize what a adult male believes, do nt state me what he says ; state me what he prays. A adult male may state many things, but when he prays, his bosom is to the full revealed. Let me propose something for us to see in this country: What a individual prays for others is finally what he wants for himself. And how a individual prays for others demonstrates the soundness of his religion. With that in head, we turn to the supplication of Paul in Ephesians 1:15 to 23. This is the first of two great supplications by Paul in this short missive ( the other 1 is found in Ephesians 3 ) . Before we jump into the text, I have a confession to do. For many old ages whenever I have read this supplication, it has ever seemed really hard for me to understand. For one thing, in the Greek text verses 15 to 23 constitute one long, complex sentence, filled with phrases and clauses piled on top of each other. It s easy to acquire lost in the inside informations and lose the message. But it would be a shame to dismiss it merely because it seems complex because this is truly an astonishing supplication. If it starts as a susurration it ends in a boom. What begins as a dribbling mountain watercourse becomes a mighty downpour of truth by the terminal. Actually the supplication is truly simple. The key is at the terminal of verse 17. Jane Paul says, That you may cognize him better. Derek That s it! That s the whole supplication right at that place. Paul is praying that the Ephesians might cognize God better. This means that he is composing to and praying for trusters who already have some cognition of God. His cardinal petition is, O Lord, I pray that these people who already know you might come to a new and deeper cognition of who you truly are. The Grecian linguistic communication contains a figure of different words that might be translated as know. This peculiar poetry contains a verb that means to cognize profoundly, personally, closely. For case, I know the Queen. I know who she is and what she looks like. If you show me her image, I ll state, That s Queen Elizabeth the II. But I do nt cognize her personally and she does nt cognize me from Adam s house-cat. But I can besides state, I know my married woman. That s an wholly different sort of knowing. After old ages of matrimony, it is a cognition that is really deep and really personal. And that s the kind of cognition Paul is praying for. Now if you know Ephesians at all, you know that the first portion of Chapter 1, verses 3-14, is a doxology of congratulations to God. That doxology is followed by this long supplication that they might cognize God better. Think of it this manner: First Paul puts the truth out, so he prays the truth in. In poetry 3 he says we have been blessed with every religious approval. So the supplication is non, Lord, give us new approvals, but Help us to recognize the approvals we already have. Not Give us new truth, but Help us see the truth we already know. Religious truth can be academic and cold and formal. So he s praying, Lord, turn them on to the truth. Lord, they know you, now make them excited about cognizing you. Jane So, the petition is: To Know Him Better I keep inquiring that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the glorious Father, may give you the Spirit of wisdom and disclosure, so that you may cognize him better. Derek I read verse 17 and instantly the high spot pen goes to work in my encephalon. There s the phrase I keep inquiring. Paul did non believe that if you made a supplication petition, you neer had to do it once more. When Paul prayed for the Ephesians, he prayed the same petition over and over again-that they would cognize God better. Sometimes I hear it said that since God knows everything we say before we say it and everything we think before we think it ( which is true ) , that we should neer reiterate ourselves in supplication ( which is non true ) . We do nt pray to inform God of anything. He knows what we are believing long before we voice our supplications to him. But if he knows all, why pray at all? The simple reply is He s God and we re non. We pray to show our entire dependance on him for everything. As we continue to pray for the same things for our loved 1s over and over once more, the reverent desires of the bosom grow stronger and we are reminded that every twenty-four hours we must be 100 % dependant on him. We ca nt populate on yesterday s approvals and we ca nt depend on yesterday s supplications. So merely like Paul, we maintain inquiring on behalf of our loved 1s. Another affair that I notice is that merely God can give us what we truly need. If we are Christians at all, the Holy Spirit lives within us, but we must pray that the Holy Spirit will allow us the wisdom we need to understand the things of God. Education entirely will neer run into our deepest demands. For most of us, we have knowledge coming out our orbs. We have discourses and Cadmiums and Christian wireless and books galore and conferences and notebooks crammed with information. If cognition entirely would do us holy, we would wholly be honorary apostles. But the thing we need is for the Holy Spirit to make what merely the Spirit can do-gives us wisdom and disclosure to do the truth come alive in our Black Marias. This petition itself-to know God better. That s simple and clear, is nt it? I heard of a adult male who has endured a really hard test in the last several old ages. He said how his ordeal has changed his position of what it means to cognize God. There are different degrees of cognizing God, he said. There is the degree of experience. All of us who know the Lord have some experiences with him that we can utilize to assist others. Then there is the degree of cognition. This comes from traveling to church, listening to discourses, reading the Bible, reading good books, traveling to a Christian college or to a seminary. Most people consider knowledge a higher degree of the religious life. This is a degree I tried to work from, but it did non look equal, he said. But there is another degree, which he called the degree of wisdom. This degree comes merely by supplication. He offers this really helpful penetration about a Level 3 relationship with God: We begin to see things through God s eyes and less through our eyes. Peace merely comes from this degree. It is non mensurable, interpretable, nor apprehensible. Degrees 1 and 2 are non requirements. I see prayer raising the nonreader to great degrees of peace and wisdom where certain PhDs in faith may experience empty. Our supplications become less gim me and more help me see what you want me to larn through this-to deepen my relationship with you. The thing that strikes me as I read those words is that God invites us to seek his face. He wants us to cognize him better. It s non as if our Heavenly Father is concealing himself from us. But we can merely hold a close relationship with him if we will seek it in supplication. That s the load of Paul s prayer-for a Level 3 relationship with God that does nt depend on cognition or experience but comes through wisdom as we seek the Lord. Any of us can hold that kind of relationship with God if we want it, and if we are willing to pay the monetary value to hold it. Jane So, the petition is to cognize Him better. What s the MEANS by which that can go on? Derek The MEANS Jane, is The Eyes of Your Heart Flooded With Light . I pray besides that the eyes of your bosom may be enlightened. This is the bosom of the supplication. It is besides the lone clip the phrase the eyes of your bosom appears in the New Testament. That means that this is a important truth that demands our attending. The bosom has eyes. Did you know that? When Paul speaks of your bosom, he s non mentioning to the organ in your thorax that pumps blood throughout your organic structure. The term bosom refers to what we might name the existent you, the topographic point inside where the determinations of life are made. The bosom is the topographic point where you decide what values you will populate by and what way you will travel and how you will populate your life each twenty-four hours. Every of import determination you make is made by your bosom. And your bosom has eyes that can be opened or shut. When the eyes of your bosom are closed to the visible radiation of God, you stumble blindly through life, doing one dense pick after another. You fall into iniquitous forms, you break God s Laws, you end up driving into the ditch, you make the same errors over and over once more, and you enter one dead-end relationship after another. Why? Because the eyes of your bosom are shut and you ca nt hold moral vision. The visible radiation of God is shut out of your life. And that means you can see and be blind at the same clip. That is, you can hold 20/20 vision with your physical eyes but the eyes of your bosom can be blind to the visible radiation of God. There are tonss of people like that in the universe. Physically they can see but spiritually they are wholly unsighted. I think a batch of Christians live like that. They know God but their eyes are so filled with the things of the universe that they are unsighted to the truth. Let me exemplify. Here we have a Christian immature adult male who has been raised in a Christian place. He s been traveling to church for years- kids s ministry, and the young person group. Now he goes off to university and at last he s on his ain. He meets a miss and they become an point. Soon they are kiping together. When his parents hear about it, they are ferocious and disquieted and disquieted and they wonder what to make. They argue and plead and cajole and threaten and quote Scripture, all to no help. What is the job? It is exactly this: The eyes of the bosom are shut to the truth of God. And until those eyes are opened, all the shouting in the universe wo nt do much difference. But at this point we encounter a most liberating truth from our text. Paul prayed for the Ephesians that the eyes of your bosom might be opened. One interlingual rendition says, that the eyes of your bosom might be flooded with visible radiation. Opening unsighted eyes is the supernatural work of the Holy Spirit. He and he entirely can make it. But he can make it, and this is the beginning of our hope. This is why we pray for our kids and grandchildren and for our household members and for friends and loved 1s who today are far from God. As our kids turn older, we discover over and over once more how small control we have over them. We can non oblige their obeisance because we can non oblige their Black Marias. But we can pray and shout out to God and state, O Lord, open the eyes of their bosom. Help them to see the visible radiation of truth. Jane When Eugene Peterson translated the last portion of this chapter for The Message, he included this alone sentence: At the Centre of all this, Christ regulations the church. The church, you see, is non peripheral to the universe ; the universe is peripheral to the church. Derek There are two radically different ways of looking at things. Either the universe is at the Centre and Christ is at the fringe or Jesus is at the Centre of life and the universe is away at the borders. So many Christians have bought into the impression that this universe is all that affairs. They ve pushed Christ to the fringe of life. But when Christ comes to the Centre, the universe is seen for what it truly is-something on the borders. A adult male I know of was fighting with this really issue. What helped him was this analogy. Populating for Christ is like a football game. You re either on the bench or you re in the game. Your job is, you re sitting on the bench drop the balling off when you ought to be in the game functioning the Lord. Bench heaters sit about, goof off, laugh, cut up, and trade gags while the game is traveling on. If you of all time make up ones mind to acquire in the game, you wo nt hold clip to make the things you do now. If our immature people sleep around, or if they get drunk on the weekends, if they cheat and cut corners, if they are rebellious and unmotivated, those things are merely symptoms of a deeper, more cardinal issue. They ve neer made a personal committedness to acquire serious about Jesus Christ. They re sitting on the bench when they ought to be in the game. And I tell you this with entire certainty, one time you get into the game, one time Christ becomes the Centre of life, no 1 will hold to state you non to kip around, and no 1 will hold to state you, Do nt acquire imbibe on the weekends. You merely wo nt make it. Once the eyes of your bosom are opened, the visible radiation of God s truth will come implosion therapy in and you ll neer look at anything the same off once more. Sometimes we worry excessively much about the symptoms without covering with the root issues of life. We should pray, Open the eyes of their bosom, Lord, because when that happens, life will radically alter. They get in the game for the Lord. They ll travel to the powwow and state, You call the drama, Lord. I m ready to make whatever you say. Jane And allow s check-out the RESULT of this sort of praying. Derek As Paul prays, he has three things specifically in head that will ensue from the eyes of their bosom being opened. First, they will cognize aˆÂ ¦ All That God Has Given. The hope to which he has called you. This looks back to the minute of their transition. Verses 3 to 14 list some elements of that hope: Blessed with every religious approval, Chosen in Christ, Predestined to be adopted as boies, Recipients of his grace, Redeemed through his blood, Forgiveness of wickednesss, Wisdom and apprehension, God s program made known to us, Chosen and predestined, Included in Christ, Sealed by the Holy Spirit, Given the earnest of the Spirit. All this is ours. It is the lasting ownership of every kid of God. We are rich and blessed beyond all step. Paul prays that we might understand how rich we already are. Jane And the 2nd consequence! Derek Second. . . All That God Has Promised. The wealths of his glorious heritage in the saints. This looks in front to the terminal of clip when we will see the Lord face to face and have all that he has promised us. It is beyond our capacity to depict the glorification of that minute. Eye has non seen nor ear heard what God has prepared for those who love him. Sometimes we wonder what Eden will be like. I think it will be everything we dreamed of and nil like we imagined. Traveling to heaven is non so much traveling to a topographic point as it is traveling to a individual. If I ve been on a trip, off talking for several hebdomads, I may state to person, I ca nt wait to acquire place once more. But I m non speaking about the actual bricks and the actual rug. It s non as if when I come in, I say, Hello, curtains, I m glad to see you once more. Hello, sofa, I missed sitting in those chairs. You d believe something was incorrect if I talked like that. No, place is cherished to me because of the people I love who live at that place. When I say, I ca nt wait to travel place, I mean that I ca nt wait to see my married woman Pauline once more. It s the same thing with Eden. The glorification of Eden is non the streets of gold or the Gatess of the pearl or even the River of Life or the angels of God. The glorification of Eden is Jesus. Heaven is wherever Jesus is, and when we eventually acquire to where Jesus is, we will be home for all infinity. Jane And other consequences are? . . Derek All That God Has Provided. His uncomparably great power for us who believe. There are four different Greek words for power here. He uses the word from which we get dynamite, the word from which we get the English word energy. He uses a word that means muscular strength and another that means brave power. God s power is sufficient for all we need. Often we are gripped by fright, insufficiency, insecurity, and a feeling that we are powerless to alter things. The good intelligence is, God s power is wrapped up in a individual, Jesus Christ. This is the power that exploded in Jesus when he rose from the dead. If you know him, you have the greatest power beginning in the universe life within you. When I was a Church Pastor I would see with people who were deceasing of malignant neoplastic disease. They looked so frail. It was clear to me that they were down to their last few yearss. Speaking was hard. I would keep their manus and reference the great promises of God about heaven. I told them that I was nt an expert on decease but I know person who is. I told them I know person who had died and come back from the dead. His name is Jesus. He holds the keys of decease and Hades in his manus. Fear non appears 365 times in the Bible, which means there is a Fear non for every twenty-four hours of the twelvemonth. When the minute comes, do nt be afraid. Just name out the name Jesus and he will come for you. I do nt cognize about decease by personal experience, but I know who stands at the door to do certain we make it safely through to the other side. Jane Psalm 23, Though I walk through the vale of the shadow of decease, I will fear no immorality, for You are with me. Derek Why should we worry? Why should we fear? Why should we doubt? Why should nt we travel out vocalizing? Our God has given us all we need. Oh, that we might cognize the hope of our naming, the wealths of our heritage, and the astonishing power of God. It s all ours and it s all wrapped up in one Person, Jesus Christ. Oh, that we might cognize him better. Oh, that our eyes might be opened to see things clearly. Oh, that we might love him and function him and do him the Centre of life. What a brilliant encouragement this transition is. Pray, pray, and maintain on praying. Pray for each other. Husbands, pray for your married womans, and married womans for your hubbies. Pray for the group you teach. Pray for the new Christians you are assisting. Pray that they will be turned on by the truth of God. There are so many ways we might use this message. Here is a good usher to praying for our kids. How long should we pray for them? And what should we pray for them? The reply is, neer halt praying for your kids. Paul said, I keep on inquiring. We can ever cognize God better than we do. And when you pray, ask the Lord to open the eyes of their bosom to allow the light come implosion therapy in. Furthermore, we should pray this for ourselves. O Lord, assist me to cognize you better. Open my eyes, Lord. Let the light come implosion therapy into my bosom. Help me to cognize all that you have given, all that you have promised, and all that you have provided for me. What if you do nt cognize Jesus at all? Reach out and take him by religion. He loves you and he died for you. Receive the gift of ageless life through Christ. Open your bosom. Crown him as Saviour and Lord of your life today. Derek We ever appreciate your phone calls, electronic mails and letters. Word Alive is a hearer supported wireless programme and we offer free transcripts of the messages. We ll direct them to an electronic mail reference. There are besides CD s available. Jane I ll give our contact inside informations in merely a minute. But in these few minutes that we have left here s Dr Stringer to sum up a few cardinal points about supplication. Derek! Derek It is easier to speak about supplication than to really pray. I ve learned a batch about supplication and about our ain attitude towards it. I ve come to understand that supplication is a religious life line. Equally necessary as external respiration is to maintain us alive, so supplication is the activity that keeps us spiritually alive. I besides learned that for many of us it is hard to pray. We come armed with inquiries: Is God interested in my supplications? iˆ Why is it that frequently when we do pass quiet clip in supplication we feel guilty because it feels like we re non making something? iˆ Why ca nt we concentrate in supplication because we are so easy distracted? iˆ Why do we so easy give up praying? Two things are clear here. First, in order to hold religious life, we must develop a form of supplication that is every bit consistent as external respiration. Second, supplication will alter us! We have a good God who loves us beyond what we can conceive of: Taste and see that the Lord is good. We need to take the enterprise and disengage from our busy lives and from our oppugning to come before Him. Because God is a good God and because He loves us so much, the truth is: He ever answers our supplications. He besides answers the supplications instantly. It may non be the reply that we re looking for but there is ever an reply. It may be the squeezing of a Father s manus in ours, the quiet comfort of a Father s voice, the reassurance of a Father s presence. We can ever number on God s response. True supplication is non imploring or wheedling a loath God. True supplication is believing. Prayer is thanking alternatively of kicking, swearing alternatively of seeking, joying, accepting, allowing, having that is prayer. In the pattern of supplication God enters our universe, our ideas, our concerns, our heads, and our Black Marias. If the Father is so eager to give to us and already knows what we need why bother praying? The reply is that the intent of supplication is clearly to convey us into an apprehension of the Father s bosom ; it brings us, non ever to the topographic point of an reply, but to the topographic point where a direct reply is unneeded, to an apprehension of the programme and the intent of the Father. We must get down to understand that supplication is portion of normal Christian life and that true life with the Father is impossible without it. Prayer is difficult, it gnaws into our agenda, and it can be every bit much a beginning of defeat as satisfaction. Basically, supplication is simple. It is loving communicating with God. All we need for supplication is an unfastened bosom. But this does nt intend there are nt prayer Sessionss that drag, times when our lips are expressing graceful words while our heads are murmuring gawky ideas. Struggle is the true intelligence about supplication. With all of this said, supplication is sometimes still hard for us. But I want to pray. If supplication was every bit natural as take a breathing to Jesus, and He is our theoretical account, so supplication demands to be portion of my religious exercising every bit good. So where do we get down? First of all: Merely make it! With the hesitation words that we can pull off to acquire out, we merely get down speaking and listening to God. It becomes a bosom to bosom connexion. Second: There is a subject to prayer and we need to utilize this subject to see our universe through God s eyes. This means appreciating every small thing and in our gratitude acknowledging it as supplication. This will hold a ripple consequence on our lives. Third: Use Bible as a agency to pass on. Find a Bible that you like and read it after which you might take some clip to chew over on it and let God to talk as the Spirit moans within you. In this manner let God to touch your bosom and your spirit. Derek Many thanks to our Producer Phil Critchley and of class to Jane Moxon for her aid. Good-bye for now and God bless you.